LEVEL 1 LESSON 10 This PDF is to be used along with the MP3 audio lesson available at TalkToMeInKorean.com. Please feel free to share TalkToMeInKorean’s free Korean lessons and PDF files with anybody who is studying Korean. If you have any questions or feedback, visit TalkToMeInKorean.com. In this lesson, we are going to have a look at the expressions “???” [i-sseo-yo] and ”???” [eop-sseo-yo] When you want to talk about what people HAVE/DON’T HAVE, and also about things that EXISTS/DOESN’T EXIST, you can use these expressions. ??? [i-sseo-yo] comes from ?? [it-da], and it basically expresses that something exists. If you are talking about someone or something existing in a specific place, it means “to be” Ex) I am here. / It’s over there. / I am at home now. If you are talking about something (or someone in some cases) in your possession, it means “to have” Ex) I have a sister. / I have eleven dogs. / Do you have a private airplane? And ??? [eop-sseo-yo] is the opposite, and it comes from the verb ?? [eop-da]. Even though there IS a way to say the same thing, using ??? and making into a negative sentence, since there is this independent verb in Korean (???) for expression non-existence, it’s more convenient to use ??? rather than saying ?? ??? or ? ??? (we’ll learn these form in a later lesson to come.) So, in conclusion, ??? ??? [i-sseo-yo] [eop-sseo-yo] -------------------------------------------- Review Time --------------------------------------------- Do you remember the usages of ?/? [eun/neun], the topic marking particles and ?/? [i/ga], the subject marking particles? ? and ? mark the topic of a sentence, and at the same time emphasize the contrast between the topic of the sentence and the other things. So if you say ?? ???. [si-gan eops-eo-yo] that means “I don’t have time.” and if you want to say, “I have other things but just TIME is not what I have.” you can say that simply by add ? [eun] or ? [neun] at the end of ?? [si-gan] (but in this case, ?? ends with a last consonant so ? is used), that becomes ??? ???. And if someone asks you “What is it that you don’t have? What are you saying that you don’t have?” you can answer that question by saying “TIME. Time is what I don’t have.” and that can be expressed through ??? ???. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ??? and ??? can be used to form many interesting and frequently used expressions in Korean. ?? [jae-mi] = fun ?? + ??? = ????? literally means “fun exists” but it means “to be interesting” **Notice how the two words are even written without any space inbetween. That’s because it has already become an expression used daily. Example) TTMIK ?????! [jae-mi-i-sseo-yo] = TTMIK is fun! / TTMIK is interesting! -END-