TalkToMeInKorean.com - Free Korean Lesson Notes LEVEL 1 LESSON 18 This PDF is to be used along with the MP3 audio lesson available at TalkToMeInKorean.com.Please feel free to share TalkToMeInKorean’s free Korean lessons and PDF files with anybody who is studying Korean. If you have any questions or feedback, visit TalkToMeInKorean.com. In Korean, as you already know, there are some ‘particles’ which are used to mark the roles of some nouns, and so far, we have learned about subject marking particles (? [i] and ? [ga]) and topic marking particles (? [eun] and ? [neun]). In this lesson, we are going to have a look at location marking particles, ? [e] and ?? [e-seo], and also how to say WHERE in Korean. First let’s learn the word for “WHERE” or “WHICH PLACE”. ?? [eo-di] = where, which place Now, let’s look at how to ask someone “Where do you want to go?” in Korean. to go = ?? [ga-da] to want to = ? ??? [go si-peo-yo] Do you remember how to form a sentence using ? ??? [go si-peo-yo]? Yes, you drop the letter ‘?’ at the end of a verb and attach ? ??? after that. ?? + ? ??? --> ?? ??? [ga-go si-peo-yo] = I want to go. ?? ??? = I want to go. ?? ???? = Do you want to go? And now, you just add the word ?? [eo-di] in front of the verb. ?? ?? ???? [eo-di ga-go si-peo-yo?] = Where do you want to go? WHY USE LOCATION MARKING PARTICLES? Whereas it is POSSIBLE to make sentences without location marking particles (as in the example above: ?? ?? ????), by using the right location marking particles, you can make your message very clear. There are many location marking particles in Korean, but let us look at the two most basic particles, ? [e] and ?? [e-seo]. ? [e] = at, to Noun + ? [e] ? is a location marking particle, but it is not only used to mark locations. It means “at”, “to”and etc, and it can be used to mark a location, a time, a situation, and many other things, but here, at us just focus on its role of marking locations. Let us look at how it is used inside a Korean sentence, by looking at some sample sentences. Sample 1 Let’s say “I went to school.” in Korean. 1. to go = ?? [ga-da] I went = ? + ??? = ??? [ga-sseo-yo] 2. school = ?? [hak-gyo] 3. to = ? [e] I went to school. = ??? ???. [hak-gyo-e ga-sseo-yo] Sample 2 Let’s say “I came to Korea.” in Korean. 1. to come = ?? [o-da] I came = ? + ??? = ??? [wa-sseo-yo] 2. Korea = ?? [han-guk] 3. to = ? [e] I came to Korea. = ??? ???. [han-gug-e wa-sseo-yo] Sample 3 Let’s say “Where do you want to go?” in Korean. 1. to go = ?? [ga-da] do you want to go = ? + ? ??? = ?? ??? [ga-go si-peo-yo] 2. where = ?? [eo-di] 3. to = ? [e] Where do you want to go? = ??? ?? ???? [eo-di-e ga-go si-peo-yo?] Sample 4 Let’s say “Where are you?” in Korean. 1. to be = ?? [it-da] are you = ? + ?? = ??? [i-sseo-yo] 2. where = ?? [eo-di] 3. at = ? [e] Where are you? = ??? ???? [eo-di-e i-sseo-yo?] Where are you now? = ?? ??? ???? [ ji-geum eo-di-e i-sseo-yo?] ??? ??? ??? [eo-di-e i-sseo-yo ji-geum?] ?? [e-seo] = at, in, from Noun + ?? [e-seo] ?? [e-seo] can express many things, but here let’s look at two of its main roles. ?? [e-seo] expresses: 1. a location where an action is taking place (ex. I studied in the library. / I met my friends in Seoul.) 2. the meaning of “from” a place (ex. I came from Seoul. / This package came from Spain.) The difference between ? and ??. ? and ?? can both be translated to “at” in English. How are they different then? ? expresses a location where something “is” or “exists” or a direction that you are going toward. Ex) ?? ???. = I am at home. ?? ??. = I’m going home. ?? expresses a location where some action is taking place. Ex) ??? ???. = I work at home. ??? ? ??? = What are you doing at home? Some useful verbs and their conjugations to know ?? [ga-da] = to go ?? [ga-yo] = I go / you go / s/he goes / they go / let’s go ??? [ga-sseo-yo] = went / to have gone ?? [o-da] = to come ??? [wa-sseo-yo] = came / to have come ?? [it-da] = to be, to exist ???? [i-sseo-sseo-yo] = was / to have been ?? [bo-da] = to see ??? [bwa-sseo-yo] = saw / to have seen ?? [ha-da] = to do ??? [hae-sseo-yo] = did / to have done -END-