Tourist taxes are Cropping Up in Destinations Countries and cities have generally tried to encourage tourism—based on the premise that holidaying visitors and the money they spend fosters economic development. 通常來說,國家和城市都是鼓勵旅游的，前提是來度假的游客和他們的消費(fèi)能刺激經(jīng)濟(jì)增長。 But in the age of over tourism, some popular destinations have reached their limit. City centers are clogged with avocado-toast-seeking hoards, historic sites are trampled by selfie-stick toting visitors, and locals are priced out by rising rents. To add insult to injury, many of these tourists don't spend much money: They use apps to sleuth out super-budget deals, disembark from cruise ships with full bellies to stroll around and then return to their buffets and cabins, or forgo hotels for cheaper accommodation in neighborhoods that were once solely the domain of locals. 但在這個旅游過度的時代,一些熱門景點(diǎn)的接待能力已經(jīng)超負(fù)荷。市中心擠滿了尋找美食的吃貨，歷史遺跡被大群自拍游客破壞，當(dāng)?shù)厝藙t因?yàn)槁糜螛I(yè)興旺而不斷上漲的房租而租不起房。更討厭的是，許多游客的消費(fèi)都不高：他們借助應(yīng)用程序制定超劃算的攻略，在游輪上吃飽了肚子才下船游覽,然后又返回游輪吃自助餐，不住酒店而選擇曾經(jīng)只有當(dāng)?shù)厝司幼〉牧畠r民宿。 That's why so-called tourist taxes are cropping up in destinations around the world. Historically, these taxes have been used to fund tourism boards, hospitality trade groups, and destination marketing campaigns—the point being to bring more people into the country down the line. 這就是為什么世界各地的景點(diǎn)都突然開始征收所謂的旅游稅。在歷史上，旅游稅是用來資助旅游局、酒店貿(mào)易集團(tuán)和景區(qū)營銷活動的，目的是在未來吸引更多人來本地旅游. But a slew of new tourist taxes, or plans for them, in Venice, Amsterdam, Bali, Edinburgh, and New Zealand are taking an opposite tact: They're using tourist tax revenue to both help the destination control the effects of over tourism, and also to disincentivize certain kinds of travelers. 然而,威尼斯、阿姆斯特丹、巴厘島、愛丁堡和新西蘭的很多新旅游稅卻采取了相反的策略:他們征收旅游稅既是為了幫景點(diǎn)控制過度旅游造成的不良影響,也是為了逼走某些的游客. And as the democratization of travel continues, officials will continue to face the same conundrum: Can a destination benefit from tourists without completely destroying what made it appealing in the first place? 伴隨著旅游民主化的進(jìn)程,各地官員將繼續(xù)面臨同樣的難題:一個景點(diǎn)能否既受益于游客,又不讓游客完全毀掉最初的美好呢?